Karl and anyone else who has not listened to this podcast - I think it is a must. I first listened when it was posted by RapAdmin.
Radio Lab The DIrty Drug in the Ice Cream Tub.
http://www.wnycstudios.org/story/dirty-drug-and-ice-cream-tub/
I have listened to this so much I can almost recite it - and yet - it never bores me. The whole story of rapamycin’s discovery and all the important players.
Here is the anti-fungal part:
AJAI SEHGAL: And he began to try to isolate unique compounds from that soil sample.
AVIR MITRA: So he basically takes the soil.
AJAI SEHGAL: They examined it under the microscope.
AVIR MITRA: And eventually, Suren and his team…
AJAI SEHGAL: They go, oh, that’s interesting. They isolated a compound that was not seen before, and it had a very interesting molecular structure.
AVIR MITRA: And it’s kind of this clear, white, crystalline-type of powder-looking thing. And Suren’s like…
AJAI SEHGAL: I wonder what it does.
AVIR MITRA: And so…
AJAI SEHGAL: They test it.
AVIR MITRA: …They put the compound on different petri dishes, and…
AJAI SEHGAL: They exposed it to certain bacteria, certain fungi.
AVIR MITRA: To kind of see how they’ll react to the compound.
AJAI SEHGAL: And then they observe.
AVIR MITRA: And after a few days, they notice…
AJAI SEHGAL: Any fungus they put it in contact with…
AVIR MITRA: Would just stop growing.
(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)
AVIR MITRA: It’s like time had just kind of frozen.
LATIF NASSER: Huh. Like, he would have expected that, like, that amount of fungi would just keep, like, dividing and - boop (ph), boop, boop, boop, boop, boop, boop.
AVIR MITRA: Exactly. Yeah. By this point, it should have coated the whole plate, just covered in fungi, just like if you leave, you know, old yogurt in the fridge, it’ll just get covered in mold, you know? So that’s what should have happened, but instead, it didn’t happen. So he’s like, ooh, maybe this could be an antifungal.
AVIR MITRA: So for the next few years, Suren is just, like, trying this stuff out on mice, basically, you know, giving them fungal infections and then seeing if rapamycin works. He tries it on dogs. Ajai even says he tried it on a friend’s wife who had a fungal infection on her arm.
Wait. Can you even do that?
AJAI SEHGAL: Yeah.
(LAUGHTER)
AVIR MITRA: He’s carrying it around, like, in his back pocket. And he pulls it out at this family friend’s house, and he puts it on her arm.
AJAI SEHGAL: And she tried it, and it completely eliminated the fungal infection.
Now you know why I figured this would work on toenail fungus - and it did!!